Chairmaking

Green woodworking - chairmaking.

A brief summary of green woodworking techniques used in chairmaking.

Green Woodworking Log Cutting Horse For Chairmaking At Rustic Ash Chairs Workshop
Cleaving Logs With Traditional Green Woodworking Tools Froe And Maul

Cleaving logs

Using a froe and a wooden club the logs are split lengthways along the grain; this is known as cleaving. The cleft wood is then split again into quarters and then eighths. If size permits they are also split tangentially to produce leg, rung and rail blanks ready for further shaping with and axe or draw knife.
Mark Griffin Is Doing Traditional Green Woodworking Sat On A Shave Horse Using A Drawknife
Chair Legs Being Set In Two Jigs At The Rustic Ash Chairs Green Woodworking Workshop

Shaving and steam bending

The cleft log is held in the shave horse and, using a draw knife, it is shaved to approximate dimensions ready for drying or bending. If the component needs to be steam-bent the piece is placed a steam chest until supple, then set to the required shape using a jig.
Chair Rungs And Rails Made From Cleft Wood Are Bundled And Dried Out In A Drying Box
Green Woodworking Spokeshave Tool With A Chair Leg And Wood Shavings On A Shave Horse

Drying and refining

The smaller components are dried in a drying cabinet over several days until they are seasoned. The dried rungs and rails are then worked with a small spoke shave to refine the dimensions to the selected size. Larger steam bent pieces are left in setting jigs for several days before being worked. The final finish is achieved using a cabinet scraper.
Spindles And Crest Chair Components On A Workbench Ready For Cutting Mortise And Tenon Joints
A Rustic Ash Chairs Green Woodworking Chair Frame Showing Rope Design Lath Back

Joint cutting and assembly

Depending on the chair design, individual components are joined together using either round mortise and tenon or traditional square mortise and tenon  joints. The joint’s strength and stability is achieved by compressing an oval tenon into a round mortise which means the use of modern glue is not necessary. Once assembly is complete, the chair is ready for seating.
Traditional Craft Seat Weaving With Danish Cord And Clamp For Making A Rustic Ash Chair
Traditional Danish Cord Seat Weaving Pattern On A Rustic Ash Chair Seat

Chairmaking – Seating

Chairs are sealed with 3 coats of Danish oil. Once this has fully dried, a woven seat is applied. The seating materials I use are Danish cord, Sisal, paper rush, Kambaa or Elm bark. These materials can be woven in a variety of patterns that add individuality to the chair and enhance the natural characteristics of the form. By using different seating patterns, a set of chairs can be completely unique for each individual chair within the set. 
Traditional Danish Cord Twill Weaving Pattern On A Rustic Ash Chair Seat
Rustic Ash Chair Seat With Two-Tone Twill Weaving Pattern In Black And Natural Danish Cord
A Rustic Ash Chair Seat With Danish Cord Diagonal Striped Twill Seat Weaving Pattern
Traditional Chairmaking Irish Seat Weaving Pattern Used By Rustic Ash Chairs

 

Seat Weaving Time-lapse Video

 
This is a time-lapse video of the seating one of my renowned and unique Gentleman’s Chairs. The seating on one of these chairs usually takes approximately 2 hours but this is condensed here to just 22 seconds! I am using Danish cord as the seating material and the weave is a modified Irish pattern weave. I hope you like it.
 
Chair seat weaving is listed on the HCA Red List of Endangered Crafts.
 
​Do contact me if you have any questions.​
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